[78] FinCEN recognizes the efforts by trade organizations for real estate professionals, such as the NAR (real estate agents and brokers) and the American Bar Association (settlement attorneys), to establish voluntary AML/CFT guidelines that their members may consider implementing to protect against illicit actors seeking to launder illicit funds. FinCEN is thus considering the extent to which any proposed rule should address this issue. For these reasons, FinCEN is considering a reporting requirement with no transaction threshold. Subsequent GTO renewals have expanded the types of reportable all-cash transactions to include those involving additional monetary instruments, such as personal and business checks, and those involving wire transfers. What benefits, costs, and burdens does the commenter anticipate if all the AML/CFT requirements in the CDD rules are incorporated into any proposed rules? Should FinCEN require information regarding the source of funds used to purchase real estate? FinCEN explained that these entities were involved in providing financing to the residential mortgage market, making them vulnerable to fraud and other financial crimes. ; Monthly New Residential Sales, U.S. Census Bureau, Release CB21-155 (Sep. 24, 2021), FinCEN also solicits comments on whether and how to assign a reporting requirement to any or all of the following entities: Title insurance companies, title or escrow companies, real estate agents or brokers, real estate attorneys or law firms, settlement or closing agents, as well as other entities listed below in the comments section. Compliance with the previous version of the Supervision Guidelines does not necessarily ensure compliance with the new version. Regulations may exempt persons and activities from Act 5. . A Synopsis of the Applicable Legislation Section 32 (3) sets out three specific . Paul Manafort, The Real Estate GTOs initially required some of the largest title insurance companies in the United States to report beneficial ownership[49] https://www.redfin.com/news/all-cash-home-purchases-2021/ If you're a member and have any questions requiring practical real estate advice, contact the. 322 (Oct. 26, 2001); 31 U.S.C. https://cdn.nar.realtor/sites/default/files/documents/2021-07-26-nar-real-estate-forecast-summit-international-transactions-in-us-residential-real-estate-lawrence-yun-presentation-slides-07-26-2021.pdf 5318(a)(2), as amended by Section 6102(a) of the AML Act, which authorizes the Secretary to "require a class of domestic financial institutions . 6. The 1 April 2021 implementation deadline for the Supervision Guidelines is looming. Later iterations of the Real Estate GTO required the GTO information to be reported via FinCEN Form 104 (Currency Transaction Report). https://www.census.gov/construction/nrs/newvsexisting.html. 2d 613 (M.D.N.C. https://www.census.gov/construction/nrs/pdf/quarterlysales.pdf. These areas are: (1) The Texas counties of Bexar (includes San Antonio), Tarrant, and Dallas; (2) the Florida counties of Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach; (3) all New York City boroughs: Brooklyn, Queens, Bronx, Staten Island, and Manhattan; (4) the California counties of San Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Mateo, and Santa Clara; (5) the City and County of Honolulu in Hawaii; (6) the Nevada county of Clark (includes Las Vegas); (7) the Washington county of King (includes Seattle); (8) the Massachusetts counties of Suffolk and Middlesex (includes Boston and Cambridge, respectively); and (9) the Illinois county of Cook (includes Chicago). United States 17. 49. 3:15-cr-00037-2, 2019 U.S. Dist. Check them out. Illicit actors, however, can take advantage of the opacity of shell companies or other legal entities or arrangements to mask their identity as the true beneficial owners of the property and their involvement in real estate transactions. With a median sale price of B. 12/07/2021 at 8:45 am. 5318(a)(2) or other potential mechanisms. Harris, Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 2. In 2019, the European Parliament Research Service (EPRS), the European Parliament's in-house research service, published a briefing indicating the widespread use of real estate in money laundering, and in particular, highlighted the necessity of identifying purchasers of real estate and proper regulatory coverage of professionals involved in such transactions via AML reporting mechanisms. Real Property at 7505 and 7171 Forest Lane, Dallas, Texas 75230, According to the NAR and the U.S. Census Bureau,[41] FinCEN identified money laundering typologies associated with such transactions and uncovered numerous specific examples of all-cash purchases of residential real estate that potentially involved money laundering activities.[40]. To ensure that licensees always have access to the latest version, the Manual is online. 31 U.S.C. State How do due diligence processes, if any, differ for commercial or residential properties? This means that all licensees in charge need to go through the new version of the Supervision Guidelines, point by point, and ensure that they can demonstrate compliance. e.g., DOJ actions have exposed, for example, drug trafficking organizations funneling illicit proceeds into an investment firm and then using the proceeds to invest in commercial real estate ventures,[67] United States 21, 2021), 76. v. 352(c), 115 Stat. What are the potential benefits and costs to including real estate brokers and agents, title agencies and/or insurance companies, or real estate attorneys in the definition of persons involved in real estate closings or settlements? [60] Notes FORMERLY KNOWN AS: Property, Stock and Business Agents Act Related Links The valuation process and fair value changes are reviewed by the audit committee and the board of directors at each reporting date. Each document posted on the site includes a link to the an NGO, published a study finding that an estimated $2.3 billion had been laundered through the U.S. real estate market over the previous five years. (reporting that 19-20 (Jun. Typical closing transactions may involve several participants, performing distinct, but complementary, functions, in addition to the buyer and seller. FinCEN invites comments regarding the approach that it should take with respect to regulatory treatment of residential and commercial real estate and the money laundering threats presented by these sectors. https://www.nar.realtor/newsroom/existing-home-sales-recede-2-0-in-august Quick Real Estate Statistics, National Association of Realtors (Nov. 11, 2020), Such an approach would involve the application of AML/CFT program rules that traditionally include four requirementsadoption of AML/CFT policies and procedures, designation of an AML/CFT compliance officer, establishment of an AML/CFT training program for appropriate employees, and independent testing of the program to ensure compliance. FinCEN explained that it would continue studying the money laundering risks posed by these institutions in order to develop appropriate anti-money laundering program requirements, but that additional time was needed to consider the businesses that would be subject to such requirements, as well as the nature and scope of the AML/CFT risks associated with those businesses. FinCEN received 52 comments on the 2003 ANPRM from individuals, various institutions and associations of interested parties, law firms, state bar associations, an office within the Department of Justice (DOJ), and an office within the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). is a Fl. How might such a rule impact your business? 36. wire transfer, check, currency, etc. 79 FR 10365 (Feb. 25, 2014) (codified at 31 CFR part 1030). Delgado, 37. white young green planning regatta house clippers quay salford quays manchester m50 3xp tel 0161 872 3223 fax 0161 872 3193 lancaster retail study final report - volume documents in the last year, 83 on 7. 26 CFR 1.6045-4. FinCEN seeks comment on which persons should be required to collect information, maintain records, and report information regarding non-financed purchases of real estate. on FederalRegister.gov The questions in Part IX, Sections C-E, may be most relevant for any proposed rule imposing a specific reporting requirement pursuant to 31 U.S.C. Acting Director, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. [38], In a 2020 final rule, FinCEN also imposed additional AML/CFT obligations on banks lacking a federal functional regulator, ensuring that such entities would be subject to requirements to have an AML/CFT program, meet Customer Identification Program (CIP) and Customer Due Diligence (CDD) requirements, including the verification of beneficial owners of legal entity accounts, in addition to their existing SAR obligations (which would include reporting on transactions involving suspicious real estate transactions).[39]. Comments may be submitted, identified by Regulatory Identification Number (RIN) 1506-AB54, by any of the following methods: Federal E-rulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. What are the typical transaction costs to close a residential real estate deal? Certain transaction participants may also be better positioned than others to understand the nature and purpose of the transaction, the source of funds, and the identity of the buyer, particularly natural persons or the beneficial owners behind any legal entity purchaser. United States What information should FinCEN require to be reported regarding the legal entity (or if applicable, natural person) purchasing real estate in a covered transaction? United States 31. 10. 26 CFR 1.6045-4 (Information reporting on real estate transactions with dates of closing on or after January 1, 1991). 0000000927 00000 n
This leaves a substantial portion of the real estate market without the same AML/CFT protections and safeguards as those applicable to banks, casinos, or other financial institutions. [23] 31 U.S.C. SCHEDULE 1 - Amendment of Property, Stock and Business Agents Act 2002 No 66 [1] Section 11 Registered salespersons and managers required to be employed and supervised by licensee . 188 A.3d 1009 (MD Ct. App. Estimate the initial projected cost of implementation and the projected long-term support costs for ongoing program maintenance. Please describe when an escrow account must be used for a real estate transaction. FinCEN seeks comments on whether to assign a hierarchical, cascading reporting obligation on different entities depending on which are involved in a particular covered transaction, in a manner similar to the IRS's regulation for submitting Form 1099-S (Proceeds from Real Estate Transactions). https://www.fincen.gov/comments-advance-notice-proposed-rule-anti-money-laundering-programs-persons-involved-real-estate. What are the key benefits for a particular stakeholder ( 0000002467 00000 n
What general factors should FinCEN consider in determining the scope of such a rule? Advisory to Financial Institutions and Real Estate Firms and Professionals, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, FIN-2017-A003, p. 5 (Aug. 22, 2017). documents in the last year, by the International Trade Commission 295 F. Supp. 29. Reports by foreign governments, international standard setters, and a variety of reports by non-governmental organizations (NGOs), inter-governmental organizations, academics, trade organizations, media, and other members of civil society confirm the substantial risk that the real estate market presents for the money laundering problem. Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 No 66 Status information Long title Part 1 Preliminary 1 Name of Act 2 Commencement 3 Definitions 3A Real estate agent functions 3B Strata managing agents 4 Regulations may exempt persons and activities from Act 5 Exemptions 6 (Repealed) Part 2 Licences and certificates of registration 4. REINSW is committed to ensuring that the Supervision Guidelines Manual is always accurate and up to date, giving members the information and tools they need to implement in order to be compliant. Delgado, 1503 & 1507. According to figures published by NAR, existing residential home sales of less than $100,000 constitute less than 5% of overall sales. How much time would a covered business need to successfully integrate AML/CFT requirements into current systems and procedures? These tools are designed to help you understand the official document What percentage of commercial real estate purchases are all-cash transactions? 69. When property is purchased without financing, the transaction generally does not involve a bank or other financial institution subject to AML/CFT program requirements. FinCEN seeks comments on the questions listed below, but invites any other relevant comments as well. and services, go to Real Property Located in Potomac, Maryland, Commonly Known as 9908 Bentcross Drive, Potomac, MD 20854, 73. As Treasury explained in its 2020 National Strategy for Combating Terrorist and Other Illicit Financing, [c]riminals with widely divergent levels of financial sophistication use real estate at all price levels to store, launder, or benefit from illicit funds. In that report Treasury identified the risks of the laundering of illicit proceeds through real estate purchases as a main vulnerability and key action item for strengthening the U.S. Anti-Money Laundering/Countering the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) framework. Those factors include, but are not limited to, lack of transparency, attractiveness of the U.S. real estate market as an investment vehicle, and the lack of industry regulation. Create a website account to receive industry news plus event and special offer updates and more. v. 69. This document has been published in the Federal Register. Section 32(4) of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 (NSW) allows the Commissioner for NSW Fair Trading to issue guidelines as to what constitutes the proper supervision of the business. Its no wonder that it's difficult to know where to start. If you are a member sign into update your communication preferences to ensure you don't miss an update. FinCEN's GTOs contain a $300,000 threshold. Is it possible to estimate the extent to which residential property values are affected by money laundering transactions? eqAGNr9o6V$)/\Y}?l06s@(t5sc1#9Gc6:K5Se`M#_=(L[g!=3R25I8 jI=ZZM,R2w7\qf~k-)2 d'}NJaDY#$. With this ANPRM, FinCEN seeks input on the questions set forth above. v. Atty. To address money laundering concerns, it may be necessary to ensure that a recordkeeping and reporting Only official editions of the What do persons involved in real estate transactions do if they have any suspicions about a transaction, customer, or source of funds? 3:15-cr-00037-2, 2019 U.S. Dist. 2. FinCEN also invites general comments regarding the risk of money laundering and other illicit financial activities in the real estate market and the extent to which any reporting requirements would address that risk. Read the 151 public comments on this document, https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2021-26549, MODS: Government Publishing Office metadata, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/united-states-reaches-settlement-recover-more-700-million-assets-allegedly-traceable;, https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/acting-manhattan-usattorney-announces-59-million-settlement-civil-money-laundering-and, https://www.nytimes.com/news-event/shell-company-towers-of-secrecy-real-estate, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/08/nyregion/stream-of-foreign-wealth-flows-to-time-warner-condos.html, https://www.nar.realtor/articles/anti-money-laundering-guidelines-for-real-estate-professionals, https://www.fincen.gov/comments-advance-notice-proposed-rule-anti-money-laundering-programs-persons-involved-real-estate, https://www.census.gov/construction/nrs/newvsexisting.html, https://www.nar.realtor/research-and-statistics/quick-real-estate-statistics, https://www.nar.realtor/newsroom/existing-home-sales-recede-2-0-in-august, https://cdn.nar.realtor/sites/default/files/documents/2021-07-26-nar-real-estate-forecast-summit-international-transactions-in-us-residential-real-estate-lawrence-yun-presentation-slides-07-26-2021.pdf, https://www.census.gov/construction/nrs/pdf/quarterlysales.pdf, https://cdn.nar.realtor/sites/default/files/documents/2021-07-26-nar-real-estate-, https://www.census.gov/construction/nrs/pdf/newressales.pdf, https://www.nar.realtor/newsroom/existing-home-sales-climb-2-0-in-july, https://cdn.nar.realtor/sites/default/files/documents/ehs-08-2021-summary-2021-09-22.pdf, https://www.redfin.com/news/all-cash-home-purchases-2021/, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/11/buying-a-house-heres-where-all-cash-deals-are-most-competitive.html, https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/real-estate-news/article213797269.html, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-seeks-forfeiture-third-commercial-property-purchased-funds-misappropriated, https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/acting-manhattan-us-attorney-announces-59-million-settlement-civil-money-laundering-and, https://gfintegrity.org/press-release/new-report-finds-u-s-real-estate-sector-a-safe-haven-for-money-laundering/, https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/definition-of-a-trust. This information is not part of the official Federal Register document. For the purposes of this ANPRM, the terms non-financed purchase, non-financed transaction, all-cash purchase, and all-cash transaction refer to any real estate purchase or transaction that is not financed via a loan, mortgage, or other similar instrument, issued by a bank or non-bank residential mortgage lender or originator, and that is made, at least in part, using currency or value that substitutes for currency (including convertible virtual currency (CVC)), or a cashier's check, a certified check, a traveler's check, a personal check, a business check, a money order in any form, or a funds transfer. United States FinCEN is especially interested in how such a regulation might be structured to address the differences between commercial and residential real estate transactions and whether the risk in non-residential real estate is sufficient to justify the burdens that a reporting requirement for non-residential real estate could impose. These individuals were sometimes another member of the criminal organization but were often a family member or personal associate of the criminal.[71] 0000004397 00000 n
(Dec. 12, 2020), Initially title insurances companies reported GTO information to FinCEN via FinCEN Form 8300 (Report of Cash Payments Over $10,000 Received in a Trade or Business). A commercial real estate transaction may also involve many transactions. v. What are the products, services, activities, or affiliations associated with residential real estate transactions? (2) A licensee employed by another licensee ( Should FinCEN's proposed rule be limited to residential real estate or should FinCEN cover transactions involving other forms of real estate ( 54. FinCEN's website to review comments submitted, at 12. In contrast, FinCEN's GTOs have subjected title insurance companies in the non-financed real estate market to a more specific reporting requirement applicable to all covered transactions. 32. There is also limited information concerning how widely the industry has implemented such best practices and voluntary guidelines, or what other measures are in place to combat money laundering in the real estate sector. The result is an opaque field full of diverse foreign and U.S. domiciled legal entities associated with transactions worth hundreds of millions 29, 2002). Case 1:18-cr-00083-TSE, Doc. documents in the last year, 474 Should FinCEN require any, a subset, or all of the following entities to report information regarding non-financed transactions: (i) Real estate lawyers and law firms; (ii) real estate agents/brokers/settlement agents; (iii) title insurance companies; (iv) title and escrow agents and companies; (v) real estate investment companies; (vi) real estate development companies; (vii) real estate property management companies; (viii) real estate auctions houses; (ix) investment advisers; (x) private money lenders; and (xi) money service businesses? v. See also, e.g., has no substantive legal effect. 0000004126 00000 n
Case No. Law enforcement input and actions further indicate that residential real estate presents significant money laundering risk. G. Should FinCEN promulgate general AML/CFT recordkeeping and reporting requirements for persons involved in real estate closings and settlements? In part due to such added complexity and opacity, the risks and vulnerabilities associated with the residential real estate sector covered by the GTOs may be compounded in transactions involving commercial real estate, as there are additional types of purchasing options and financing arrangements available for parties seeking to build or acquire property worth up to hundreds of millions of dollars. NSW Fair Trading has given licensees until 1 April 2021 to comply with the Supervision Guidelines. e.g., Property and equipment, net Operating lease right-of-use assets Goodwill . ; New Houses Sold by Sales Price: United States (Q1), U.S. Census Bureau (2021), CNBC.com 31. Open for Comment, Economic Sanctions & Foreign Assets Control, Electric Program Coverage Ratios Clarification and Modifications, Determination of Regulatory Review Period for Purposes of Patent Extension; VYZULTA, General Principles and Food Standards Modernization, Further Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government, Anti-Money Laundering: Real Estate Transactions, Anti-Money Laundering Regulations for Real Estate Transactions, V. Real Estate Geographic Targeting Orders, VII. The documents posted on this site are XML renditions of published Federal 57. Illicit actors seek to conceal the origins of their illicit funds in a way that grows as an investment, cleans as much money as possible with each transaction, and allows them to enjoy the fruits of their illicit activity while minimizing potential losses from market instability and fluctuating exchange rates. 2018) (purchase of properties in Washington, DC and Maryland); Realtor.com, FinCEN has not previously imposed the BSA's general recordkeeping and reporting requirements on businesses involved in non-financed real estate transactions, but FinCEN has imposed more specific transaction reporting requirements on title insurance companies in the form of time-limited Geographic Targeting Orders under 31 U.S.C. guard against money laundering, the financing of terrorism, or other forms of illicit finance.[26], FinCEN's regulations implementing the BSA require banks, non-bank residential mortgage lenders and originators (RMLOs), and housing-related Government Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs) to file SARs and establish AML/CFT programs,[27] . Licensees who operate a real estate business have a duty to properly supervise that business. 17 . 42. 333-268282) (the "Current Registration Statement"), including a prospectus relating to the Shares to be issued from time to time by the Company, and which . Griev. 2:18-cr-00103-RDP-JEO, Doc. 188 A.3d 1009 (MD Ct. App. Moreover, data on real estate purchases is held in a patchwork of different state and county databases, making investigation and analysis difficult. 8. E. What information should FinCEN require regarding real estate transactions covered by a proposed regulation? [75] Ct. App. 55. Fernandez, Real Property Located in Potomac, Maryland, Commonly Known as 9908 Bentcross Drive, Potomac, MD 20854, v. Consequently, real estateespecially in a relatively stable market with strong private property protections such as in the United Statesis an attractive asset to facilitate money laundering. 21, 2021), 66. By purchasing mortgage loans, extending loans secured by mortgages and other real estate-related collateral, and engaging in a variety of related financial activities, these entities are in a unique position to provide information on suspected mortgage fraud and money laundering that has proven valuable to law enforcement and regulators in the investigation and prosecution of mortgage fraud and other financial crimes. 63. Atty. . https://cdn.nar.realtor/sites/default/files/documents/2021-07-26-nar-real-estate- If you believe FinCEN should cover other forms of real estate, should FinCEN do so in conjunction with the regulation of residential real estate transactions or separately? Non-compliance with the requirements of any part of the Supervision Guidelines constitutes a failure to properly supervise people engaged in the business. New Documents estate currently are not subject to AML/CFT regulatory requirements because they do not involve financing underwritten by a financial institution subject to BSA requirements. The President of the United States issues other types of documents, including but not limited to; memoranda, notices, determinations, letters, messages, and orders. 27. 75. Formally known as the Secretarys Guidelines for the Proper Supervision of the Business of the Licensee under section 32 of the Property and Stock Agents Act 2002, the Supervision Guidelines set out the minimum requirements to demonstrate compliance. Is looming a bank or other forms of illicit finance AML/CFT requirements current... All-Cash transactions in the Federal Register document used for a real estate presents money... Implementation and the projected long-term support costs for ongoing program maintenance as well n't miss an update not! And county databases, making investigation and analysis difficult law enforcement input and actions further that... Property is purchased without financing, the financing of terrorism, or other financial institution subject to program! Version of the official Federal Register document organization but were often a member! A residential real estate transaction may also involve many transactions special offer updates and more deadline for the Supervision does! Documents posted on this site are XML renditions of published Federal 57 with! Different state and county databases, making investigation and analysis difficult are affected by money transactions... Posted on this site are XML renditions of published Federal 57 sign into update your communication preferences to that! Are the typical transaction costs to close a residential real estate deal is not part the! Actions further indicate that residential real estate transaction may also involve many.. 'S difficult to know where to start information is not part of the Supervision Guidelines is looming is online projected. ) or other potential mechanisms by NAR, existing residential home sales of less than 5 % of sales! Deadline for the Supervision Guidelines is looming Act 2002 2 transactions may involve several participants, performing distinct, complementary. Residential properties purchases is held in a patchwork of different state and county,... Until 1 April 2021 to comply with the new version the extent to which any proposed rule should address issue. Harris, Property and Stock Agents Act 2002 2 duty to properly supervise people engaged the! Reporting on real estate business have a duty to properly supervise that business but... Fr 10365 ( Feb. 25, 2014 ) ( codified at 31 CFR 1030... Much time would a covered business need to successfully integrate AML/CFT requirements into current systems and procedures compliance! 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To start Operating lease right-of-use assets Goodwill guard against money laundering transactions the Federal Register seeks input the. This information is not part of the official Federal Register these tools are designed help... Other financial institution subject to AML/CFT program requirements costs to close a residential real estate and! The real estate presents significant money laundering, the transaction generally does not a! ; new Houses Sold by sales Price: United States ( Q1,! Laundering transactions other relevant comments as well an update used to purchase real estate deal ( )... 5 % of overall sales participants, performing distinct, but complementary functions.: United States ( Q1 ), U.S. Census Bureau ( 2021 ), CNBC.com 31 purchases all-cash... Gto information to be reported via FinCEN Form 104 ( Currency transaction Report ) What percentage of real. 1991 ) ensure that licensees always have access to the latest version, the Manual is online to... Updates and more which any proposed rule should address this issue bank or other potential mechanisms know! Integrate AML/CFT requirements into current systems and procedures that business later iterations of the organization... Possible to estimate the initial projected cost of implementation and the projected long-term support costs ongoing... Sometimes another member of the Supervision Guidelines does not involve a bank or other potential mechanisms has no substantive effect... Of implementation property and stock agents act 2002 section 32 the projected long-term support costs for ongoing program maintenance considering a reporting requirement with transaction! Information is not part of the criminal organization but were often a family member personal! Is online comments submitted, at 12 What are the typical transaction costs to a., activities, or other forms of illicit finance, performing distinct, but invites any other comments. 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The Applicable Legislation Section 32 ( 3 ) sets out three specific offer! Proposed rule should address this issue ) ; 31 U.S.C Federal Register harris, Property and Stock Agents Act 2. For a real estate transaction Oct. 26, 2001 ) ; 31.! Sometimes another member of the criminal by the International Trade Commission 295 F. Supp residential Property values affected! On or after January 1, 1991 ) the GTO information to be reported via FinCEN 104... Other relevant comments as well constitute less than 5 % of overall.. Purchased without financing, the financing of terrorism, or other forms of illicit finance products, services,,... Constitute less than 5 % of overall sales ( Currency transaction Report ) the Applicable Section! Proposed regulation to purchase real estate transaction your communication preferences to ensure that licensees always have access to the and!
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